Internet services across Pakistan experienced widespread disruptions due to damage to the Asia-Africa-Europe-1 (AAE-1) submarine cable near Qatar. The incident slowed broadband speeds nationwide, sparking concerns among users and prompting urgent repair efforts by relevant authorities.
PTA Confirms Damage and Updates Public
The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) confirmed the fault, explaining that the AAE-1 cable—one of Pakistan’s key submarine internet connections—suffered technical issues that affected data flow. PTA issued a public notice, assuring users that restoration efforts were underway and updates would be provided as the situation evolved.
Pakistan’s Submarine Cable Network: A Critical Infrastructure
Pakistan relies on a network of seven submarine cables for global internet connectivity, with PTCL managing three:
- AAE-1 – Connecting via Clifton Beach, Karachi.
- SMW-4 – Landing at Hawksbay Beach, Karachi.
- IMEWE – Sharing landing infrastructure at Hawksbay Beach.
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Transworld Associates operates two additional cables, SMW-5 and TWA-1, while Cyber Internet Services Ltd manages the PEACE cable, which links Karachi to Europe via China. Despite redundancy in this setup, damage to a major cable like AAE-1 can significantly affect internet speeds due to the increased load on auxiliary systems.
Technical Factors, Not Wildlife, at Fault
Dispelling common myths, PTA Chairman Major General (retd) Hafeez Ur Rehman clarified that submarine cable damage is unlikely caused by wildlife, such as sharks. Speaking at a Senate Standing Committee meeting on Information Technology, he explained that technical failures, not natural phenomena, are the probable cause.
Efforts to Enhance Connectivity
To address future disruptions, Pakistan is set to integrate an additional cable, “2 Africa,” into its infrastructure. This expansion aims to boost bandwidth capacity and ensure more reliable internet services nationwide.
Broader Context: Internet Regulation and Complaints
The PTA also addressed its broader regulatory role, handling around 500 social media complaints daily. Of these, approximately 80% of flagged content is successfully removed, while the rest remains accessible due to various limitations.
The authority also faces legal scrutiny over regional internet shutdowns, often imposed under government directives. Critics, including senators, have questioned the legal framework for such actions. However, the PTA maintains that these measures are conducted under orders from the Supreme Court, High Court, or Ministry of Interior.
Repair Efforts Underway
As repair crews work to restore the AAE-1 submarine cable, internet users in Pakistan can expect gradual improvement in speeds. Authorities have urged patience and assured the public of continued efforts to resolve the issue swiftly.
This incident highlights the importance of robust internet infrastructure and the need for ongoing investments to safeguard connectivity in an increasingly digital world.
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